Type-writing machine



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J. S. COPELAND.

TYPE WRITING- MACHINE.

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J. s. GOPBLAND. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 492,141. Pateltedf'eb. 21, 1893.

6 Sheets-Sheet 3,

(No Model.)

J. S. ,COPBL'AND TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented P81121, 189s.

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TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 492,141. Patented Feb. 21, 1893.

Homan-u .m .fu e e s m e e .hnv S 6 .R D.m H ww LM BM. P 0H I CR S.W .n JY T u d nu M 0 m No. 492,141. Patented Peb. 21, 1893.

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YH: foams mins my PNoYoLlmo., wnsmucn'ou D c NiTnn STATES PATENT JAMES S. COPELAND, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE POPE MANUFACTURING COMPANYOF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 492,141, dated February 21, 1893.

Application filed May 14, 1892. Serial No. 432,950. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES S. COPELAND, a citizen of the United States, residing in Hartford, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My present improvements relate more p articularly to that class known as type bar machines of the variety in which there is a series of keys and key levers, operating type bars arranged at the back end of the machine in a nearly vertical semi-circular group and thrown forward and downward when printing to bring the types to a common printing point above the platen and in which the platen and paper carriage are located and moved transversely across the machine between the keys and the type bars; and they have for their object to simplify the machine, to mount the carriage so as to be readily detachable upon ways located below the platen, to produce a better escapement mechanism by means of a vibrating rack connected with the frame and a fixed and a movable catch connected with the carriage,to effect the escapement for letter spacing and the ribbon vibration by means of a single bar across the key levers, to provide releasable attachments for the f ulcrum pieces of the key levers with the fulcrum rods and for the rear ends of the key levers with the thrust links and a more accurate and secure mounting of the type bar supports, to provide an adjustable holder for the ribbon yabove the printing point so as to utilize the full breadth of the'ribbon, to provide a means of elevating or removing the ribbon out of the way when feeding in the paper or removing the carriage, to provide a pointer and scale conveniently combined with the vibrating ribbon holder, to provide a paper pocket traveling with the carriage and operating to hold the paper away fromthe key levers and other parts of the machine without impeding its transverse motion, to provide means for releasing the pressure roll so as to permit the free insertion and removal of the paper, to provide means of releasing the carriage from the rack in combination with the carriage handle so that the carriage may be readily moved transversely backward or forward to or from any desired position, to provide means of releasing the pawl and catch from the l platen ratchet and to turn the platen quickly so as to bring the paper to any desired line position or to discharge. it from the platen and to improve the efficiency and rapid use of the machine in diverse other particulars by means of improved devices and combinations which I will proceed to describe in con- 6o nection with the accompanying drawings which show a typewriting machine embodying my present improvements in the form in which I now prefer to use them.

The type levers and vibrating ribbon guide shown in the present case are claimed broadly in another application, Serial No. 432,951, tiled of even date herewith.

Figure 1, shows my improved machine in vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 3, shows 7o parts of the same enlarged for clearer illustration. Fig. 5, shows the right hand portion of the paper carriage platen, pocket and vibrating ribbon carrier and other parts in top plan. Fig. 6, shows in elevation and longitudinal vertical'section portions of the key lever thrust link, fulcrum rod and connecting devices. Fig. 7, shows in side elevation a portion of the frame and the carriage end and platen. Fig. 8, shows some of the same parts 8o on a vertical longitudinal section just inside the right hand carriage end. Fig. l0, shows in perspective the base beam of the carriage and a portion of the rack and its catches enlarged,'Figs. 1l and 12, show the same parts 85 ,in vertical longitudinal section with the secondary space bar, key lever and movable stop in different positions, as seen from the left.

Fig. 13, shows in vertical transverse section just in the rear of the rack a portion of the 9o rack and its shaft and the base beam and movable catch` and stop, Fig. 14, shows parts of the same in vertical longitudinal section; and Figs. 2, 4, 9 and 15, show certain partsin perspective for clearness of detail.

A, A, are the sides, and A', A2, are respectively the curved front and rear ends of an iron frame resting upon the legs a, ot.

A3, is a transverse beam rigidly connected with the two sides of the frame, and A4, A4, are tot uprightsorvertical portionsof theframe rising near and in rear of the transverse beam to afford supports for the ribbon spool stops, &c.

A5 and A, are transverse comb or guide bars, having upwardly projecting teeth be- 105 tween which the key levers play.

A7, A7, are way lugs attached to the uprights A", A4, for holding the rear way rod II.

AS, A8, A8, are fulcrum rods placed transversely near the middle of the machine and supported in the sides A, Aof the frame. In this main frame is held a secondary or oscillating frame composed of the uprights B, B, one at either side of the machine near the rear end connected by the transverse curved horizontal supporting beams B and and the curved type bar rest beam B3 above, and pivoted at the bottoni at B4, B4, to the sides of the main frame. B5= is a lever arm (shown best in Fig. 3) connected with one ot the oscillating uprights B and extending forward at the lett side of the machine carrying the shifting key B (Fig. 1,) held up in part by the weight of the secondary frame and its tendency to fall backward and in part by the spring BT; so that the normal position of the uprights B, and their connected parts as is shown in Figs. l and 3, but by pressing downward upon the key BG, the upper portion oi'` the uprights B, is thrown forward by their motion about the pivots B4, for a short distance so as to bring the second types d3, to the printing point; and this motion of the lever arm B5, and the uprights B, is limited by means of stops either above and below the lever B5, or as I prefer to make it, between the uprights B and A4, or in any suitable manner.

C, is a type barbracket constructed with a vertical slot or mortise c, and a neck or arm C', perforated at c', to receive the pivot d, of a type bar. This type bar bracket C, is mounted on the supporting beam B or B2, of the swing frame and held adjustably toward and from the printing point by means of a clamp plate C2, and two screws C3, C3, passing through the clamp plate and the slot c, into the supporting beam B or B2, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

D, D', are type bars which I prefer to make of different lengths mounted the shorter D', on the inner supporting beam B', and the longer D, on the outer or rear supporting beam B2, by means of similar brackets C, reversed in position as shown in Fig. l, this ar rangement being for greater convenience and to enable a greater number of type bars to be located in the same space with their adjnstable brackets. These type bars are fulcrumed at pivots d, on the bracket arms G, carry at their long ends type stems D2, with their inner and outer types d2, (Z3, the inner type (Z2, coming to the printing point when the swing frame is in its normal position and the outer type (Z3, coming to the printing point when the key B, is depressed and the swing frame is in its forward position, and the type bars D, D', have connected by free joints at their short ends the thrust links or connecting rods D3, threaded at (It, (Fig. G) into the half turn buckle links D4, which have the other end closed by the pin d5. The thrust links D, are adjustable in length by turning the connecting links D4, thereon until properly adjusted. The rear ends of the key levers D5, are provided with notches d, and curved spring snaps D, which may be held by clips C19, to the key levers so that the end d10, closing normally the notch in the end of the lever may be easily depressed to permit the insertion or removal of the pin d5, in the adjusting link D4. By this construction I secure an adjustment ot' the thrust links at once accurate and secure from disarrangement by the jar of use and great convenience in the readiness with which it may be attached to and detached from the key lever at any time. The key levers D5, are provided with the fulcrum pieces D6, which have bearings on the fulerum rods A8, and in which are hinged at (ZS, the releasable catches DS, so that by swing ing back the catch D8, the bar may be readily removed from the fulcrnm rod, and when the parts are in position as shown in Fig. 6, the key lever is practically secure on the fulcrum rod against any displacement by use.

To the key levers D5, are attached by stems in any suitable manner the keys D7, by pressing on which the rear end of the lever is raised and the type bar thrown forward and downward t0 bring the type to the printing point, and when the pressure is released from the key D7, the spring D10, (Fig. 3) tends to bring the rear end of the lever D5, down to its normal position, and consequently restore the type bar to its vertical position against the raised rail B3.

E, is an inking ribbon held transversely of the machine above the platen on a spool E', at either side of the machine mounted on a stud E2, projecting from the upright A, and the ribbon spools are provided with ratchets and pawls and catches operated to feed the ribbon alternately one way or the other of its length by connections from the rock shaft S, in any suitable or well known manner, and as this forms no part ot myinvention I have not lettered or shown the devices in these drawings.

F, is a cylindrical platen on the shaft F, mounted in bearings in the ends of the paper carriage.

F2, (Fig. 5) is a thumb wheel on the right hand end of the shaft F', by means of which the platen may be rotated at will when the pawl and catch are released as will be herein explained.

F3, is a ratchet wheel attached to the right hand end of the platen, and F4, is a holding pawl lever pivoted at F5, (Fig. S) to the paper carriage, one end ot` which carries a pawl F6, engaging with the teeth of the ratchet F3, and which the spring F7, tends to keep in engagement with the ratchet to hold it against motion. The other end of the lever F4, is curved downward and forward to receive the thumb of the operator, and by pressing on it the pawl F, is thrown out of engagement with the ratchet.

F8, is a moving pawl lever pivoted at F,

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(Fig. 8) to the pawl arm G9, and having at ene endthe pawl F49, engaging with the teeth of the ratchet and formed at the other end to receive the finger of the operator and by an upward pressure to release the click F19; from engagement wit-h the ratchet. The weight of the free end of the lever F9, tends to keep the pawl F49, in engagement with the ratchet without any spring as I construct it, though a spring may be used if desired.

G, G, are the end pieces, G', the front rail and G5, the base beam respectively of the paper carriage which I prefer to cast allinone piece. The end pieces of this carriage are constructed to afford bearings for the platen shaft and the pressure roll shaft and the one at the right hand end to afford a bearing for the pivot of the holding pawl lever F4, as shown in Fig. S, and for one end of the rock shaft P7, connected with the spring catch release device to be described and both of them at the upper ends to receive the ends of the scale M. The Vbase beam G9, of this carriage is at right angles to the rear rail G2, at its middle portion and is formed at its forward lower end to receive the friction pulley or truck G4, journaled therein on the screw bolt g5.

G9, G5, are lugs on the rear rail G2, perforated to receive the way .rod H'. The truck G4, rests on the lower forward way rod H, and is held from rising off from the way rod by the hook G5, also secured. to the base beam by the screw bolt g5, and extending under the way rod H. The way rod H, is held at its two ends in the sides A, of the frame, and the way rod H', is held at its two ends in the lugs A7, on the frame uprights A4 (as shown in Fig. 7) one or both ends being secured releasably by a screw h', from endwisc motion. By this construction the carriage is given a free and steady position on the way rods and above them and the front side of the carriage is left free and open for the passage in and out of the sheet of paper written upon, the lugs G5, being free to slide upon the rod H', and the truck G4, running easily upon the rail H. By releasing the screw vor screws h', the rail H' may be readily separated from theframeand the carriage, the carriage slightly drawn forward to free it from the rod H, and thusthe paper carriage and platen and connected mechanism (with the exception of the cord yet to be described which is readily slipped out of the eye in which its knotted exi-id is held) may be altogether detached from the rest of the machine and readily restored to position; this provision being necessarynot only in repairing but in cleaning and keeping the machine in order and in properly adjusting the parts. t

, G7, is a carriage handle arm pivoted at G9, to the inner side of the righthand carriage end G, made in theform of a bell crank lever as shown in Fig. 9, with the free end extending forward in a conveniently. curved form and adjacent to the holding pawl lever F4,

and the pawl lever F8 (Fig. 8) and with its.l

the teeth, one or more teeth slipping by theA pawl F5.

I, is a cord knotted and slipped into an open eye in the rear rail G9, of the carriage and passing over the guide pulley I', in the transverse beam A9, of the frame downward over the friction pulley I9, journaled in a lug on the left side A, of the frame near the bottom and connected to the rear end of the lever 19,' in the bottom of the machine having a long horizontal sweep, which lever I9, is pivoted at I4, to the front bar A', of the frame or a projection therefrom and is operated by a coiled spring I5, in any suitable manner, so that when the carriage is drawn to the right the lever I3, will be drawn by means of the cord to the left of the machine and then the tension of the spring will tend to throw the carriage back toward the left as often as the action to be described of the rack and carriage catches will permit.

J, is a small pressure roll on the shaft J', journaled inl the carriage ends parallel with and adjacent to the platen F, and made to impinge throughout its length with a slight pressure upon the platen by means ofthe springs J2, (Fig. 7) operating on the ends of the shaft J v J9, is a bail extending across in front of the carriage and bent at its ends to form two levers pivoted at J4 (Fig. 7) to the carriage ends and with their shorter ends beneath the ends of the shaft J By downward pressure on this bail J 9, the pressure roll J is thrown up out of contact with the platen, and I form the ends of the side levers of the bail J9,

with curved seats J5, (Fig. 7) which operate as rests to receive and hold the ends of the shaft J', in its upward position when the bail is pressed down but from which the roll is released by a slight upward pressure on the bail.

K, is a paper pocket whichl I form of sheet metal attached at one end to the rear rail G9, and base beam G9, of the carriage which extends for the greater part of the length of the platen parallel with and near it and is curved downward and forward 'and upward as shown in Fig. 1, to contain the sheet of paper to be printed upon, to support it and keep it off from the key, levers and the keys and out of contact with the other parts of the machine except the platen and the paper guides. ,f

K', K2, K2, are paper guides or lingers formed o f narrow strips of sheet metal at-y tached to the rear rail of the carriage at their lower ends and extending upward to the platen, leaving a slight free space between them and it for the paper, K', the middle one being short enough not to interfere with the action of the type or ribbon carrier, and K2, at one end being preferably movable in any usual manucrto accommodate different widths of paper.

L, is the paper sheet to be printed on which is passed right side up by what is to be the upper end of the page :first beneath the front rail G', and the bail J2, between the pressure roller J, and the platen F, and then is passed, between the paper guides K', K2, and the platen and is carried downward around the platen and back into the paper pocket.

M, is a scale formed of a thin strip of sheet metal and attached by screws m, to the ends of the paper carriage so as to be immediately above and adjacent to the platen as shown in Fig. 5.

N, (Fig. 7) is an adjustable platen revolution stop formed of sheet metal pivoted at n, to the right hand carriage end and heldin one or more positions by notches and an engaging spring N2, and having one or more graduated notches or openings to receive and limit the motion of the stop pin N', in the pawl arm G2, so that for instance when the stop plate N, is in position as shown in Fig.

7, and the handle arm G7, is raised, the platen will be revolved through the space of one tooth of the ratchet, and if the stop plate N, be depressed so that the spring N2, catches in the other notch the stop pin N', will be permitted to advance to a deeper notch in the plate N, and permit the platen when the handle lever G7, is raised to be rotated through the space ot two teeth of the ratchet.

O, is a rack bar held transversely across the machine beneath the paper carriage upon arms O', O', which have free bearings on a transverse rack rod H2, held in the sides A, A, of the frame. To each arm O', is attached another arm O2, extending backward to and connected with the universal space escapement and ribbon moving bar O2, which lies along transversely upon the rear ends of the key levers so that whenever a key is depressed the rear end of the key lever lifts the universal bar O2, and thus through the arms O2, O', rocks or vibrates the rack O.

O4, is a fixed catch secured to the base beam of the carriage (sce Fig. 3) which when the rack O, is vibrated forward by the rising of the universal bar O3, is engaged by the teeth of the rack O, and holds the carriage from moving, but which is not in engagement with the teeth of the rack when the rack is in its normal or backward position as shown in Fig. l1, that is with the universal bar O2, down and the type bars all up.

O2, (Figs. 1 and 3) is a rack spring tending to keep the rack in its backward position.

P, is a movable catch on a swing arm P', pivoted at p2, in a rocking stud P3, (see Figs.

10 and 14) freely held in the base beam G2. This moving catch P, is hinged to .fall near but a little in rear of the fixed catch O, and to be in engagement with the teeth of the rack O, as shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 14, when the universal bar O3, is down in its normal position, but is out of engagement with the rack when any key is pressed down and the rack is thrown forward into engagement with the fixed catch O4. NVhen in its normal position in engagement with the teeth of the rack this movable catch key and its swing lever P', afford a stop between atooth of the rack and the base beam G3, ot' the paper carriage, as shown in Fig. 10, to prevent anyfnrther movement of the carriage; but P4, is a spring connected at one end with the rocking stud P3, and at the other end with the hinged arm P', tending by its force to throw the moving catch P, to the left from the base beam G2, and when the rack O, is vibrated forward into engagement with the fixed catch.` As shown in Fig. 12, the catch P, is thrown to the left a short distance until its motion is arrested by the lixed stop Q, or the movable stop Q', thus permitting the carriage to move to the left when the rack is restored to its normal position in contact with the moving catch P, for a short space if the moving stop Q, be in position and fora double space if Q', be out of position since the carriage is free to throw the catch P, to that extent. These movements make the letter spaces. The stud P3, is held freely in its bearing in the base beam and by the action of the spring P, (Figs. 3 and 13) tends to turn with the arm P', so as to keep the catch P, in contact with the rack; but on the arm P', is a hook P5, in which the trip arm P6, engages, and the trip P, is secured on the end of a rock shaft P7 (see Fig. 10) having a bearing at one end in the base piece of the paper carriage and extending to the right hand end piece of the carriage (see Fig. 7) has secured to it the release arm P8, which is curved at its outer or free end and brought into convenient juxtaposition with the carriage handle arm G7. By means of this arrangement when the release arm P2, is gently pressed upward the moving catch P, isithrown upward out of contact with the rack teeth and the carriage may be moved freely toward the right or left to any desired position and immediately detained there by dropping the release arm P2.

Q, is a fixed stop attached to the rear rail G2, of the carriage either by a screw g, or otherwise adjacent to the moving catch P, as shown most plainly in Fig. 10.

Q', is a movable stop lever pivoted at Q2, to the base beam of the carriage or a projection therefrom. with its free end when in normal position between the iixed stop Q, and the moving pawl P, and as I make it is the thickness of' one letter space. This moving stop is detained in its normal position by the spring Q4; at the other end Q3, is a trip stud.

R, 1s a secondary space bar or stop trip bar IOO extending transversely of the machine across the key levers and having comb teeth on its under side with spaces between them so that this secondary space Vbar rests only on those key levers which are to actuate either double letter types or wide capital letter types. It is nung pivotally by the arms R', R', at R2 R2, to the uprights B, B, of the secondary frame, so that it will be swung upward for a short distance by any of the key levers ou which it rests, and when it is swung upward it strikes and lifts the trip stud Q4, and throws the movable stop Q', upward from between the fixed stop and the moving pawl P,and permits the pawl P, to move so much farther to the left until it rests against the fixed stop Q. By connecting the universal bar to the shifting frame it will be shifted into engagement with the movable stop when small letters are printed and out of engagement with said stop when the capitals areprinted, thus spacing extra for the capitals.

S, is a ribbon movement rock shaft having its bearings in the uprights A4, A4, of the main frame, and it is connected by an arm S', fixed rigidly thereto at one end and pivoted at S2, at the other end to a link S3, connected at S4, with the universal bar O3, so that whenever the bar O3, is raised by the action of a key lever the shaft S, is rocked through a small portion of a revolution; to this rock shaft S,is also rigidly fixed an upright arm S5, which at each rocking of the shaft S, is vibrated at its upper forward end toward the platen as shown in Fig. 3,but when the bar O3, falls to its normal position the upper end of the vibrating arm S5, falls backward toward the back of the machine for a little distance; the upper end of the vibrating arm S5, is provided with the pin or pivot S3, and with two stop surfaces (shown 1n Fig. 2) t', t2, substantially at right angles to each other. On the pin SG, is hinged a ribbon carrier T, which I prefer to construct of two leaves T', T2, of sheet metal, the upper part or leaf T', being hinged at tt, on the cross pin S3, the Linder leaf T2, being held by the bent clips T3, T3, T3, T3, to the upper leaf, these leaves being sufficiently apart .at their middle portion to permit the passage of the ribbon between them as shown lin Fig. 3, and both leaves having their middle portion removed to leave a printing space E3, over and above the printing point in which the types may be impressed upon the ribbon and the ribbon impressed upon the paper on the platen. The upper leaf T', has cut in it or attached to it a spring stopv T4, which when the leaf is down in its normal position as shown in Fig.

f 2, rests on the horizontal stop surface t', and

and the ribbon in its out of the Way position until it is restored by pressure to its normal horizontal position for use. The under leaf T2, is adjustable backward and forward be neath the upper leaf T', so that it may be varied in position a sufficient amount. to bring any portion of the width of the inking ribbon over the printing point, the clips T3, serving as guides or detainers for the edges of the ribbon and following the under leaf- T2, in its change of position. On the under leaf T2, I form the pointer T5, and this may be further aided if desired by the notch t3, at the middle portion of the free end of the upper leaf T', the pointer T5, and notch t5, being in a line with the printing point and indicating on the scale as shown in Fig. 5, the exact point of the next impression that will be made by a type U, is a bell held by a screw u, to the side piece A, of the frame.

U', is a hammer on an arm fixed rigidly at the other end to the rock shaft U2, havingits bearings in the frame of the machine. A small spring U3, connected at one end with a stud u2, in the boss u', of the regular bell rock shaft, aud at the other end as at a4, with 'f the frame of the machine tends to keep the hammer U', in contact with the bell; by means of a small adjustable clamp U4, and screw U3. A bell trip U6, is pivotally held so as to permit lateral movement but rigidly held vertically to the shaft U2; the trip U3, is held to its normal position by the smallspring U7. On the lower side, and at the right hand end of the carrier back rail G2, (see Fig. 9) is formed a wedge cam U3; when the carriage is drawn to the Yright'the butt end of the cam U8, coming against the edge of the trip U6,swings it against the spring U7, suiiciently to allow the carriage end to pass by, but on the return of the carriage toward the left the lower face of the cam U3, vrides upon the top side of the trip U3, depresses it and rocks the shaft U2,

vand when the trip is released by the passing of the cam and the shaft is restored by the spring U3, the hammer strikes the bell. The trip U, is adjustable along the shaft to give an earlier or later alarm according to the width of paper used on the platen.

W, isa spacing key (Fig. l) on the space lever W', fulcrumed on one of the fulcrum rods and operating at its rear end to raise the universal bar O3, in the same manner as a key lever D5, but having no connection with the type bars.

What l claim is- 1. The combination with the carriage, of a vibrating rack, a fixed catch upon the carriage,- a hinge piece P3, journaled in the base of the Vcarriage and carryinga movable catch pivot- I ro chine, with a shifting frame and a series of type levers carried by said frame, of a carriage, feeding` devices for the carriage including a movable catch and a fixed stop therefor, a movable stop arranged to be interposed between the catch and the fixed stop and a universal bar connected to the shifting frame and movable into and out of engagement with the movable stop, substantially as de scribed.

3. The combination in a typewriting machine, of a vibrating rack, a carriage, fixed and movable catches upon the carriage arranged to alternately engage the rack, a fixed stop upon the carriage forthe movable catch, a secondary movable stop upon the carriage adapted to be interposed between the fixed stop and the movable catch, a universal bar resting upon the key levers and connected to a shifting frame whereby it may be shifted into and out of engagement with the movable stop, substantially as described.

4. In a typewriting machine the combination with the carriage having upper and lower rails G', G2, united by end pieces G, the rail G2, being curved at its end to form a cam UB, of a bell attached to the main frame, a shaft journaled in the main frame and carrying a striker for the bell, and an adjustable spring trip U, mounted upon the shaft and arranged to be engaged by the cam Us, upon the carriage, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a typewriting machine with the carriage and the platen mounted in the carriage, of a pressure roller jou rnaled in the ends of the carriage, springs for pressing said roller against the platen, and a `lever pivoted to each end of the carriage for raising said roller from the platen, said levers being united by a bail extending along the front of the carriage, substantially as described.

G. The combination in a typewriting machine with the carriage, the platen, the pressure roller, and springs for pressing said roller against the platen, of a bail extending along the front of the carriage and levers at each end of the carriage, said levers being united by the bail and provided with seats J5, at their inner ends, whereby said pressure roller may be lifted from the platen and sustained its raised position, substantially as described.

7. The combination with the carriage and the platen mounted upon the carriage and provided with a ratchet wheel, of the holding pawl FG, and its thumb lever F4, extending in front of the carriage and the moving pawl having its thumb lever located adjacent to the thumb lever of the holdingpawl, substantially as described.

S. The combination in a typewriting machine with a carriage and a revolving' platen mounted in the carriage, of ribbon spools, a reciprocating ribbon guide above theplaten, a rock shaft having an arm extending upward behind the platen to which the ribbon guide is pivoted, and an index carried by said ribbon guide to indicate the printing point, substantially as described.

9. The combination in a typewriting machine with the carriage and the revolving platen, of the rock shaft beneath the platen, a universal bar resting upon the keys and connected to an arm of the rock shaft, a second arm extending up back of the platen and a reciprocating ribbon guide pivoted to said second arm and arranged to carry the ribbon to and from the printing point, substantially as described.

10. In a typewriting machine the combination with the rock shaft and its arm S5, having the stop surfaces t', t2, of the ribbon guide having a spring arranged to engage said stop surfaces whereby the guide may be held in operative relation to the platen or turned up, substantially as described.

ll. In a typewriting machine the combination with a vibrating arm, of a ribbon guide connected to said arm, said guide being adjustable relatively to the arm, whereby the ribbon may be carried over the printingpoint a greater or less proportion of its width as desired, substantially as described.

12. In a typewriting machine thecombination with the rock shaft and its arm S5, of the ribbon guide consisting of two plates, one of said plates being pivoted to the arm and the other plate being adjustably connected to the first, whereby the relation of the ribbon to the printing point may be adjusted, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a type bar and a type barsupporting beam, of a type barbraeket C, having an arm to which the type bar is pivoted and an elongated slot, and a clamping plate and two screws for holding said bracket adj nstably upon the supporting beam, substantially as described.

14. In a typewriting machine the combination with a type bar and a key lever, of the connecting rod D3, the swivel D, and a spring detent for holding the swivel in connection with the key lever, substantially as described.

l5. In a typewriter the key lever notched at its inner end and provided with the spring detent D, in combination with t-he connecting rod and the swivel having a pin adapted to be retained in the notch of the key lever by the detent, substantially as described.

16. In a typewriting machine the combination with the main frame and a fulcrum rod, of a key lever having a fulcrum bracket adapted to rest upon the rod and a catch hinged to the bracket and arranged to embrace thc rod, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES S. COPELAND.

NVitnesses:

ALBERT P. DAY, C. F. SEELEY.

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